{"id":1145,"date":"2025-12-15T10:02:45","date_gmt":"2025-12-15T09:02:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/transhumances360.org\/argentina.html"},"modified":"2026-02-10T14:43:34","modified_gmt":"2026-02-10T13:43:34","slug":"argentina","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/transhumances360.org\/en\/project-360\/countries\/argentina.html","title":{"rendered":"Argentina"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; disabled_on=&#8221;off|off|off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221; animation_style=&#8221;fade&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/transhumances360.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/360_ARGENTINE_IMAGEO-34.webp&#8221; src_tablet=&#8221;https:\/\/transhumances360.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ARGENTINE_B_S.jpg&#8221; src_phone=&#8221;https:\/\/transhumances360.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ARGENTINE_B_S.jpg&#8221; src_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; animation_style=&#8221;fade&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; animation_style=&#8221;fade&#8221; animation_duration=&#8221;1500ms&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;&#8211;et_global_heading_font||||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#E2007A&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1em&#8221; header_font=&#8221;Abril Fatface||||||||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Llamas above the clouds: a transhumance in the puna of Argentina<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|||||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">In the puna of Argentine, llama herding is an emblematic activity threatened by climate change and rural exodus. A few herders still raise these animals using traditional rotaci\u00f3n practices \u2014 small-scale mountain transhumance movements.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">Each season, these herders move their animals between pastoral huts (puestos) to reach oasis-like pastures (vegas) located along spring-fed areas that run through arid valleys. This form of transhumance is among the least known in the world.<\/p>\n<p>  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">Heading to Antofagasta de la Sierra (Catamarca, Argentine) to meet Don Pascual.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>Interview with Don Pascual<\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_video src=&#8221;https:\/\/youtu.be\/zb_BloYv24k&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;][\/et_pb_video][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#E2007A&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||0px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Don Pascual: a life with llamas<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;18px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Don Pascual has been a llama herder for 40 years. He inherited the farm from his father and gradually developed it by acquiring pastoral huts in the mountains. <\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#a8235a&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;21px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u201cIt\u2019s my family\u2019s story \u2014 knowledge passed down from generation to generation. I carry on to preserve this way of life and leave a legacy for my children.\u201d<\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;18px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Don Pascual lives with his wife and three children between the village of Antofagasta de la Sierra and his farm, about ten kilometers away. He manages this llama and sheep herd alongside his work as a cabinetmaker. His son Pedro helps him every day, despite a busy schedule split between his job with a mining company and tourism-related activities.  <\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/transhumances360.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/360_ARGENTINE_IMAGEO-37.jpg&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; transform_styles__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|hover&#8221; transform_scale__hover=&#8221;105%|105%&#8221; transform_scale__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|hover&#8221; transform_translate__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; transform_rotate__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; transform_skew__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; transform_origin__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243; module_class=&#8221;inverse&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||15px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/transhumances360.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/360_ARGENTINE_IMAGEO-54.jpg&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; transform_styles__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|hover&#8221; transform_scale__hover=&#8221;105%|105%&#8221; transform_scale__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|hover&#8221; transform_translate__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; transform_rotate__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; transform_skew__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; transform_origin__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#E2007A&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||0px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>Llama rotaci\u00f3n: a journey through a network of pastoral huts<\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;18px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Don Pascual continues to practice rotaci\u00f3n with his herder, Juan Gabriel, who has worked with him for the past two years. This pastoral mobility involves moving between pastoral huts (puestos) and therefore between different grazing areas (vegas). Don Pascual owns three huts spread within a ten-kilometer radius, allowing him to move his herd according to the quality of the pastures.   <\/p>\n<p>This form of transhumance is gradually being abandoned in the face of growing economic, social, and climatic challenges.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#E2007A&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;21px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||10px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u201cMany people are leaving for the cities. Here, almost only the elders remain to look after the llamas. Little by little, this activity is losing its caretakers [\u2026] The llama is a symbol of our region. If herding disappears, part of the puna\u2019s identity will disappear as well.\u201d<\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#E2007A&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||0px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Improving market access to cope with climate change<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;18px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>For Don Pascual, high-mountain llama herding needs stronger connections to markets. Wool remains poorly valued, and meat struggles to reach major cities due to a lack of adequate livestock infrastructure. Don Pascual and other herders have formed cooperatives to improve wool marketing. Despite these efforts, production costs are rising as grazing lands become scarcer with changes in water cycles.    <\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#a8235a&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;21px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00ab Chaque ann\u00e9e, les zones de p\u00e2turage diminuent. Il y a moins de pluie, moins d\u2019herbe. Avant, j\u2019avais jusqu\u2019\u00e0 400 lamas. Aujourd\u2019hui, j\u2019ai d\u00fb r\u00e9duire le troupeau, sinon les co\u00fbts deviennent impossibles. Le changement climatique nous affecte \u00e9norm\u00e9ment. Sans soutien, l\u2019activit\u00e9 devient tr\u00e8s difficile \u00e0 maintenir. \u00bb<\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/transhumances360.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/360_ARGENTINE_IMAGEO-66.jpg&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; transform_styles__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|hover&#8221; transform_scale__hover=&#8221;105%|105%&#8221; transform_scale__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|hover&#8221; transform_translate__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; transform_rotate__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; transform_skew__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; transform_origin__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243; module_class=&#8221;inverse&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/transhumances360.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/360_ARGENTINE_IMAGEO-43.jpg&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; transform_styles__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|hover&#8221; transform_scale__hover=&#8221;105%|105%&#8221; transform_scale__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|hover&#8221; transform_translate__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; transform_rotate__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; transform_skew__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; transform_origin__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#E2007A&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||0px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>A message to future generations <\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;18px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;7px|||||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Don Pascual is not just a llama herder. He is a community leader in the municipality of Antofagasta de la Sierra and represents the PastorAmericas association. This regional initiative brings together herders\u2019 organizations, researchers, NGOs, and public institutions from across Latin America to promote pastoral and agropastoral systems. Don Pascual has devoted his life to promoting his region and way of life, and he hopes that future generations will continue his work.   <\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#E2007A&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;21px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u201cI would like to send a message to those who read these words: don\u2019t give up. Let\u2019s keep going. Let\u2019s pass this activity on to young people and restore its value. We are still trying to preserve it, as our ancestors did. Let\u2019s keep it alive.\u201d<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">(Don Pascual, 2025)<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3>Immersive 360\u00b0 transhumance<\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_video src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=JbsnxujEedM&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_video][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>The immersive 360\u00b0 film captured the summer herd movements (December 2025). It begins at the main puesto with Don Pascual and Juan Gabriel, introduces the shearing of llama wool, and concludes with the rotaci\u00f3n toward the new puesto. <\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3>A photographic slideshow documenting the transhumance<\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_gallery gallery_ids=&#8221;1032,1033,1034,1035,1036,1037,1038,1039,1040,1041&#8243; gallery_orderby=&#8221;rand&#8221; fullwidth=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_gallery][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;2_5,3_5&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|25px||25px|false|false&#8221; box_shadow_style=&#8221;preset3&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;2_5&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/transhumances360.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/360_ARGENTINE_PORTRAIT_IMAGEO-02.jpg&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; transform_styles__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|hover&#8221; transform_scale__hover=&#8221;105%|105%&#8221; transform_scale__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|hover&#8221; transform_translate__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; transform_rotate__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; transform_skew__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; transform_origin__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;3_5&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><b>Argentine, a partner in the Global Agenda for Sustainable Livestock network<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>This filming would not have been possible without the organization and expertise of Dr. Mariana Quiroga Mendiola from Instituto Nacional de Tecnolog\u00eda Agropecuaria (INTA). A researcher and specialist in pastoral systems and high-altitude natural rangelands, particularly in northwestern Argentina.  <\/p>\n<p>Mariana is a founding member of the international PastorAmericas network, a cooperation platform dedicated to promoting pastoral systems in Latin America. She also co-chairs, together with CIRAD, the Action Network \u201cRestoring Value to Grasslands\u201d within the Global Agenda for Sustainable Livestock. This international group, supported by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, works to highlight the ecological, social, and economic functions of natural grasslands at a global scale. <\/p>\n<p>The case of llama herders is particularly emblematic of the profound transformations affecting the sustainability of pastoral livestock systems around the world.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Llamas above the clouds: a transhumance in the puna of ArgentinaIn the puna of Argentine, llama herding is an emblematic activity threatened by climate change and rural exodus. 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